Salute Prisca and Aquila - Prisca, or Priscilla, was the wife of Aquila, though her name is sometimes mentioned first. In regard to their history, see the notes at Romans 16:3. They were at Rome when Paul wrote his Epistle to the Romans, but afterward went into Asia Minor, which was the native place of Aquila Acts 18:2, and where they probably died.
And the household of Onesiphorus; - see the notes on 2-Timothy 1:16.

Salute Prisca and Aquila - Several MSS., versions, and fathers have Priscilla instead of Prisca: they are probably the same as those mentioned Acts 18:18, Acts 18:26.
The household of Onesiphorus - See 2-Timothy 1:16. Onesiphorus was probably at this time dead: his family still remained at Ephesus.

Salute Prisca and Aquila,.... The same with Priscilla and Aquila: and so the Complutensian edition, and some copies, read here; who were of the same occupation with the apostle, and with whom he wrought at Corinth, and whom he left at Ephesus; and who seem by this salutation to have continued there, Acts 18:2.
And the household of Onesiphorus: who also lived at Ephesus, and whose kindness to the apostle, when he was at Rome, is before mentioned, 2-Timothy 1:16.

We need no more to make us happy, than to have the Lord Jesus Christ with our spirits; for in him all spiritual blessings are summed up. It is the best prayer we can offer for our friends, that the Lord Jesus Christ may be with their spirits, to sanctify and save them, and at last to receive them to himself. Many who believed as Paul, are now before the throne, giving glory to their Lord: may we be followers of them.

Prisca and Aquila-- (Acts 18:2-3; Romans 16:3-4; 1-Corinthians 16:19, written from Ephesus, where therefore Aquila and Priscilla must then have been).
household of Onesiphorus--If he were dead at the time, the "household" would not have been called "the household of Onesiphorus." He was probably absent (see on 2-Timothy 1:16).

Salute Prisca and Aquila. These tried friends, whom he first met in Corinth, afterwards in Ephesus, who returned also to Rome, were now again in Ephesus.
The house of Onesiphorus. See 2-Timothy 1:16. Some have thought that this form implies that Onesiphorus was dead, but that does not follow necessarily.
Erastus abode at Corinth. Probably his old home (Romans 16:23).
Trophimus. He was an Ephesian (Acts 21:29). These personal details were better understood by Timothy than by us, but I suppose this statement is made to explain why Trophimus was not in Rome. This verse proves that this letter does not belong to the date of Paul's first imprisonment, since years have passed between Paul's last visit to Miletus and the first Roman imprisonment.
Come before winter. He could not come in the winter because navigation was suspended.
Eubulus. Not before mentioned. It is probable that all these were Roman brethren.
Prudens. He is thought to have been a Roman senator, from data secured outside the New Testament.
Linus. A Linus appears as a bishop of Rome not many years later.
Claudia. It has been argued that this lady was the daughter of a British king, and the wife of Prudens. See Conybeare and Howson.