15 and he appointed him priests for the high places, and for the male goats, and for the calves which he had made.
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
The high places - i. e., the two sanctuaries at Daniel and Bethel.
For the devils - literally, "for the goats:" probably the word is used (as in Leviticus 17:7) for objects of idolatrous worship generally.
And he ordained him priests - for the devils - שעירים seirim, the hairy ones; probably goats: for as the golden calves, or oxen, were in imitation of the Egyptian ox-god, Apis; so they no doubt paid Divine honors to the goat, which we know was an object of religious veneration in Egypt.
And he ordained him priests for the high places, and for the (d) devils, and for the calves which he had made.
(d) Meaning idols, (Isaiah 44:15).
And he ordained him priests for the high places,.... Of such who were not of the tribe of Levi, and family of Aaron; see 1-Kings 12:31.
and for the devils; demons in the shape of goats, as this word signifies, in which form many of the Heathen deities were worshipped; idols of whatsoever kind are so called; for whosoever worships them worships not God, but devils, 1-Corinthians 10:21 the images which Jeroboam set up may be meant, and the next clause may be rendered as explanative of them:
even for the calves which he had made; one of which he set up at Daniel, and the other at Bethel, 1-Kings 12:28.
he ordained him priests--The persons he appointed to the priesthood were low and worthless creatures (1-Kings 12:31; 1-Kings 13:33); any were consecrated who brought a bullock and seven rams (2-Chronicles 13:9; Exodus 29:37).
for the high places--Those favorite places of religious worship were encouraged throughout the country.
for the devils--a term sometimes used for idols in general (Leviticus 17:7). But here it is applied distinctively to the goat deities, which were probably worshipped chiefly in the northern parts of his kingdom, where the heathen Canaanites still abounded.
for the calves which he had made--figures of the ox gods Apis and Mnevis, with which Jeroboam's residence in Egypt had familiarized him. (See on 1-Kings 12:26).
And had ordained him priests for the high places. ויּעמד־לו is a continuation of הזניחם כּי, 2-Chronicles 11:14. בּמות are the places of worship which were erected by Jeroboam for the image-worship, called in 1-Kings 12:31 בּמות בּית; see on that passage. The gods worshipped in these houses in high places the author of the Chronicle calls שׂעירים from their nature, and עגלים from their form. The word שׂעירים is taken from Leviticus 17:7, and signifies demons, so named from the Egyptian idolatry, in which the worship of goats, of Pan (Mendes), who was always represented in the form of a goat, occupied a prominent place; see on Leviticus 17:7. For further details as to the עגלים, see on 1-Kings 12:28.
High places - Or, for the high places, both for the devils (the Baals, or false gods, which divers of his people worshipped, whom he encouraged to do so, giving them liberty to do anything but to serve God at Jerusalem) and for the calves. So he erected two sorts of high places, some for Baal, and some for the true God, whom be pretended to worship, in and by the calves.
*More commentary available at chapter level.