17 "For the unclean they shall take of the ashes of the burning of the sin offering; and running water shall be put thereto in a vessel:
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
And for an unclean [person] they shall take of the ashes of the burnt heifer of purification for (h) sin, and (i) running water shall be put thereto in a vessel:
(h) Of the red cow burnt for sin.
(i) Water of the fountain or river.
And for an unclean person,.... Defiled by any of the above means:
they shall take of the ashes of the burnt heifer of purification for sin; from the place where they were laid up for this use; See Gill on Numbers 19:9 and some have thought that they were laid up in various cities and places in the country, as well as at Jerusalem, that they might be come at easily upon occasion; otherwise they could not be had without great trouble and expense, and in some places not so soon as the law required for their purification, namely, on the third day after their defilement:
and running water shall be put thereto in a vessel; the Targum Jonathan is,"fountain water in the midst of earthen vessel;''for no water but fountain, spring, or river water, was made use of; and it should seem by what is said that ashes were first put into the vessel, and then the running water was put to them; and yet the Jewish writers say (s), that if the ashes were put in first, and then the water, it was not right; and the meaning of what is said here is, that the water and ashes should be mixed together; for it is urged from the words: "running water in a vessel", that it is plain, that the water is put in the vessel and not to the ashes; and therefore that which is said, "shall be put thereto", is to caution the person, that after he has put the ashes upon the water, that he mixes them well with his finger, and cause the water below to rise above (t).
(s) Maimon. Milchot, Parah Adumah, c. 9. sect. 1. (t) Bartenora in Misn. Temurah, c. 1. sect. 5.
Running water - Waters flowing from a spring or river, which are the purest. These manifestly signify God's spirit, which is oft compared to water, and by which alone true purification is obtained. Those who promise themselves benefit by the righteousness of Christ, while they submit not to the influence of his spirit, do but deceive themselves; for they cannot be purified by the ashes, otherwise than in the running water.
*More commentary available at chapter level.