1 It happened in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it to the king. Now I had not been (before) sad in his presence. 2 The king said to me, "Why is your face sad, since you are not sick? This is nothing else but sorrow of heart." Then I was very much afraid. 3 I said to the king, "Let the king live forever! Why shouldn't my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' tombs, lies waste, and its gates have been consumed with fire?" 4 Then the king said to me, "For what do you make request?" So I prayed to the God of heaven. 5 I said to the king, "If it pleases the king, and if your servant has found favor in your sight, that you would send me to Judah, to the city of my fathers' tombs, that I may build it." 6 The king said to me (the queen was also sitting by him), "For how long shall your journey be? And when will you return?" So it pleased the king to send me; and I set him a time. 7 Moreover I said to the king, "If it pleases the king, let letters be given me to the governors beyond the River, that they may let me pass through until I come to Judah; 8 and a letter to Asaph the keeper of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel by the temple, for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into." The king granted my requests, because of the good hand of my God on me. 9 Then I came to the governors beyond the River, and gave them the king's letters. Now the king had sent with me captains of the army and horsemen. 10 When Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, because a man had come to seek the welfare of the children of Israel. 11 So I came to Jerusalem, and was there three days. 12 I arose in the night, I and some few men with me; neither told I any man what my God put into my heart to do for Jerusalem; neither was there any animal with me, except the animal that I rode on. 13 I went out by night by the valley gate, even toward the jackal's well, and to the dung gate, and viewed the walls of Jerusalem, which were broken down, and its gates were consumed with fire. 14 Then I went on to the spring gate and to the king's pool: but there was no place for the animal that was under me to pass. 15 Then went I up in the night by the brook, and viewed the wall; and I turned back, and entered by the valley gate, and so returned. 16 The rulers didn't know where I went, or what I did; neither had I as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest who did the work. 17 Then I said to them, "You see the evil case that we are in, how Jerusalem lies waste, and its gates are burned with fire. Come, let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we won't be disgraced." 18 I told them of the hand of my God which was good on me, as also of the king's words that he had spoken to me. They said, "Let's rise up and build." So they strengthened their hands for the good work. 19 But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they ridiculed us, and despised us, and said, "What is this thing that you are doing? Will you rebel against the king?" 20 Then answered I them, and said to them, "The God of heaven will prosper us. Therefore we, his servants, will arise and build; but you have no portion, nor right, nor memorial, in Jerusalem."
Artaxerxes, observing the sorrow of Nehemiah, inquires into the cause, Nehemiah 2:1, Nehemiah 2:2. Nehemiah shows him the cause, and requests permission to go and rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, Nehemiah 2:3-6. The king grants it, and gives him letters to the governors beyond the river, Nehemiah 2:7, Nehemiah 2:8. He sets out on his journey, Nehemiah 2:9. Sanballat and Tobiah are grieved to find he had got such a commission, Nehemiah 2:10. He comes to Jerusalem; and, without informing any person of his business, examines by night the state of the city, Nehemiah 2:11-16. He informs the priests, nobles, and rulers, of his design and commission, Nehemiah 2:17, Nehemiah 2:18. The design is turned into contempt by Sanballat, Tobiah, and Geshem, Nehemiah 2:19. Nehemiah gives them a suitable answer, Nehemiah 2:20.
INTRODUCTION TO NEHEMIAH 2
Nehemiah being sorrowful in the king's presence, the reason of it was asked by the king, which he declared, and then took the opportunity to request of the king that he might be sent to Jerusalem to rebuild it, which was granted him, Nehemiah 2:1, upon which he set out, and came to Jerusalem, to the great grief of the enemies of Israel, Nehemiah 2:9 and after he had been three days in Jerusalem, he privately took a survey of it, to see what condition it was in, unknown to the rulers there, Nehemiah 2:12, whom he afterwards exhorted to rise up and build the wall of the city, which they immediately set about, Nehemiah 2:17 not regarding the scoffs and taunts of their enemies, Nehemiah 2:19.
(Nehemiah 2:1-8) Nehemiah's request to the king.
(Nehemiah 2:9-18) Nehemiah comes to Jerusalem.
(Nehemiah 2:19, Nehemiah 2:20) The opposition of the adversaries.
Nehemiah Journeys to Jerusalem with the King's Permission, and Furnished with Royal Letters. He Makes a Survey of the Walls, and Resolves to Undertake the Work of Building Them - Nehemiah 2
Three months after receiving the tidings concerning Jerusalem, Nehemiah perceived a favourable opportunity of making request to the king for leave to undertake a journey to the city of his fathers for the purpose of building it, and obtained the permission he entreated, together with letters to the governors on this side the Euphrates to permit him to pass through their provinces, and to the keeper of the royal forests to supply wood for building the walls and gates, and an escort of captains of the army and horsemen for his protection (Nehemiah 2:1-9), to the great vexation of Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite (Nehemiah 2:10). In the third night after his arrival at Jerusalem, Nehemiah rode round the city to survey the walls, and incited the rulers of the people and the priests to undertake the work of rebuilding them (Nehemiah 2:11-18). Sanballat and other enemies of the Jews expressed their contempt thereat, but Nehemiah encountered their ridicule with serious words (Nehemiah 2:19, Nehemiah 2:20).
*More commentary available by clicking individual verses.