Exodus - 21:11



11 If he doesn't do these three things for her, she may go free without paying any money.

Verse In-Depth

Explanation and meaning of Exodus 21:11.

Differing Translations

Compare verses for better understanding.
And if he do not these three things unto her, then shall she go out for nothing, without money.
If he do not these three things, she shall go out free without money.
And if he shall not perform these three to her, then shall she depart free without money.
and if these three he do not to her, then she hath gone out for nought, without money.
And if he does not do these three things for her, she has the right to go free without payment.
If he does not do these three things, she shall depart freely, without money.
Quod si tria haec non fecerit illi, egredietur gratis absque argento.

*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.


Historical Commentaries

Scholarly Analysis and Interpretation.

If he do not these three unto her - The words express a choice of one of three things. The man was to give the woman, whom he had purchased from her father, her freedom, unless
(i) he caused her to be redeemed by a Hebrew master Exodus 21:8; or,
(ii) gave her to his son, and treated her as a daughter Exodus 21:9; or,
(iii) in the event of his taking another wife Exodus 21:10, unless he allowed her to retain her place and privileges.
These rules Exodus 21:7-11 are to be regarded as mitigations of the then existing usages of concubinage.

These three -
1. Her food, שארה sheerah, her flesh, for she must not, like a common slave, be fed merely on vegetables.
2. Her raiment - her private wardrobe, with all occasional necessary additions. And,
3. The marriage debt - a due proportion of the husband's time and company.

And if he do not these (k) three unto her, then shall she go out free without money.
(k) Neither marry her himself, nor give another money to buy her, nor bestow her on his son.

And if he do not these three unto her,.... Not the three things last mentioned; though this sense, Aben Ezra says, many of their interpreters give, which is rejected by him, so do some Christian expositors; but these three things are, espousing her to himself, or to his son, or redeeming her by the hand of her father; that is, letting her be redeemed by him, as the Targum of Jonathan; and so Jarchi, Aben Ezra, and Ben Melech: the meaning is, if one or other of these things are not done:
then shall she go out free without money; be dismissed from her servitude, and not obliged to pay anything for her freedom; the Targum of Jonathan adds, he shall give her a bill of divorce; that is, the son to whom she had been betrothed, and another wife taken by him, and she denied the above things; which favours the first sense.

*More commentary available at chapter level.


Discussion on Exodus 21:11

User discussion of the verse.






*By clicking Submit, you agree to our Privacy Policy & Terms of Use.