2 it happened on the third day, that behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul, with his clothes torn, and earth on his head: and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and did obeisance.
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
A man came out of the camp - The whole account which this young man gives is a fabrication: in many of the particulars it is grossly self-contradictory. There is no fact in the case but the bringing of the crown, or diadem, and bracelets of Saul; which, as he appears to have been a plunderer of the slain, he found on the field of battle; and he brought them to David, and told the lie of having despatched Saul, merely to ingratiate himself with David.
It came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with (a) his clothes rent, and earth upon his head: and [so] it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and did obeisance.
(a) Seeming to lament the overthrow of the people of Israel.
It came to pass on the third day,.... After the battle was fought, in which Saul was slain:
that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul; that is, from them who were in the camp with Saul, for he was dead. Some say (d) this was Doeg the Edomite, which is not likely that he should come with such tidings to David; besides, if he was Saul's armourbearer, as others say, see 1-Samuel 31:4; he died with Saul; nor his son, as others (e), which is not at all probable, though his being an Edomite is no objection, since the Amalekites were of the race of Edom:
with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head: in token of mourning, and was the bringer of bad tidings, see 1-Samuel 4:12,
and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and did obeisance; as being the rising sun, Saul's successor, and now king.
(d) Pesikta in Jarchi in loc. (e) Tanchuma in Yalkut in loc. Hieron. Trad. Hebrews. in 2 lib. Reg. fol. 77. C.
a man came out of the camp from Saul--As the narrative of Saul's death, given in the last chapter, is inspired, it must be considered the true account, and the Amalekite's story a fiction of his own, invented to ingratiate himself with David, the presumptive successor to the throne. David's question, "How went the matter?" evinces the deep interest he took in the war, an interest that sprang from feelings of high and generous patriotism, not from views of ambition. The Amalekite, however, judging him to be actuated by a selfish principle, fabricated a story improbable and inconsistent, which he thought would procure him a reward. Having probably witnessed the suicidal act of Saul, he thought of turning it to his own account, and suffered the penalty of his grievously mistaken calculation (compare 2-Samuel 1:9 with 1-Samuel 31:4-5).
Third day - From David's return to Ziklag. With his clothes rent, &c. - As a mourner.
*More commentary available at chapter level.