14 This was the numbering of them according to their fathers' houses: Of Judah, the captains of thousands: Adnah the captain, and with him mighty men of valor three hundred thousand;
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
The captains of thousands; Adnah the chief - literally, "princes of thousands, Adnah the prince." The writer does not mean that Adnah (or Johohanan, 2-Chronicles 17:15) was in any way superior to the other "princes," but only that he was one of them.
Three hundred thousand - This number. and those which follow in 2-Chronicles 17:15-18, have been with good reason regarded as corrupt by most critics. For:
(1) They imply a minimum population of 1,480 to the square mile, which is more than three times greater than that of any country in the known world (circa 1880's).
(2) they produce a total just double that of the next largest estimate of the military force of Judah, the 580, 000 of 2-Chronicles 14:8.
(3) they are professedly a statement, not of the whole military force, but of the force maintained at Jerusalem (2-Chronicles 17:13; compare 2-Chronicles 17:19).
It is probable that the original numbers have been lost, and that the loss was suppplied by a scribe, who took 2-Chronicles 14:8 as his basis.
Adnah, the chief - He was generalissimo of all this host. These are the numbers of the five battalions: under Adnah, three hundred thousand; Jehohanan, two hundred and eighty thousand, Amasiah, two hundred thousand; Eliada, two hundred thousand; Jehozabad, one hundred and eighty thousand; in all, one million one hundred and sixty thousand.
And these are the numbers of them, according to the house of their fathers,.... Both of the tribe of Judah and of Benjamin: and first
of Judah, the captains of thousands; some had 1000 men under them, and some one hundred:
Adnah the chief; he was the principal commander or general of them:
and with him mighty men of valour, three hundred thousand; such a number was under his command.
HIS GREATNESS, CAPTAINS, AND ARMIES. (2-Chronicles 17:12-19)
these are the numbers--The warriors were arranged in the army according to their fathers houses. The army of Jehoshaphat, commanded by five great generals and consisting of five unequal divisions, comprised one million one hundred and sixty thousand men, without including those who garrisoned the fortresses. No monarch, since the time of Solomon, equalled Jehoshaphat in the extent of his revenue, in the strength of his fortifications, and in the number of his troops.
*More commentary available at chapter level.