38 He came to the synagogue ruler's house, and he saw an uproar, weeping, and great wailing.
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
The tumult - The confusion and weeping of the assembled people.
Wailed - Making inarticulate, mournful sounds; howling for the dead.
He cometh - But ερχονται, they come, is the reading of ABCDF, four others, and several versions.
Wept and wailed - See on Matthew 9:23 (note).
And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue,.... Along with him, and the three disciples above mentioned; and the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, Arabic, and Persic versions read, "and they came", the above persons:
and seeing the tumult; the throng and crowd of people, of relations, friends, neighbours, and acquaintance, on this occasion, all in a hurry, and in one motion or another, expressing their concern by words and gestures.
And them that wept and wailed bitterly; the mourning women, the same with the "preficae" of the Romans, who sung mournful songs, and made hideous noises, being hired for this purpose; as also those who played doleful tunes on musical instruments; See Gill on Matthew 9:23.
And he cometh--rather, "they come."
to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly--"the minstrels and the people making a noise" (Matthew 9:23) --lamenting for the dead. (See 2-Chronicles 35:25; Jeremiah 9:20; Amos 5:16).
Many weeping and wailing greatly. At a Jewish funeral were professional mourners called by Matthew "minstrels." It is still the funeral fashion in the East.
*More commentary available at chapter level.