18 Caleb the son of Hezron became the father of (children) of Azubah (his) wife, and of Jerioth; and these were her sons: Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.
In the remainder of this chapter the writer obtains scarcely any assistance from the earlier Scriptures, and must have drawn almost entirely from genealogical sources, accessible to him, which have since perished.
Azubah was Caleb's wife; Jerioth his concubine. He had children by both; but those of Azubah are alone recorded.
Azubah - "And why was she called Azubah? Because she was barren and despised. But her injury was manifested before the Lord; and she was comforted, and adorned with wisdom; and she span, skilfully, goats' hair for the court of the tabernacle." - T.
And (e) Caleb the son of Hezron begat [children] of Azubah [his] wife, and of Jerioth: her sons [are] these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon.
(e) Who was called Chelubai the son of Hezron, (1-Chronicles 2:9).
And Caleb the son of Hezron,.... The same that is called Chelubai, 1-Chronicles 2:9 but not the same with Caleb the son of Jephunneh, made mention of in the books of Numbers, Joshua, and Judges:
he begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth; who were both his wives; or it may be rather, since Azubah is so particularly called his wife, Jerioth might be a concubine: or of Azubah he begat Jerioth; so the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Arabic versions; though it seems best with Hillerus (p) to interpret these names of the same person, and render the last clause, "that is, of Jerioth", of her whose name also was Jerioth, Azubah having two names; and the rather, since only the children of one are mentioned, as follows:
her sons are these; Jesher, and Shobab, and Ardon of whom we read nowhere else; the Targum says, Azubah was so called, because she was barren and despised, which this clause contradicts.
(p) Onomastic. Sacr. p. 568.
POSTERITY OF CALEB. (1Ch. 2:18-55)
Caleb the son of Hezron--The notices concerning this person appear confused in our version. In 1-Chronicles 2:19 he is said to be the father of Hur, whereas in 1-Chronicles 2:50 he is called "the son of Hur." The words in this latter passage have been transposed in the copying, and should be read thus, "Hur the son of Caleb."
begat children of Azubah his wife, and of Jerioth--The former was his spouse, while Jerioth seems to have been a secondary wife, and the mother of the children whose names are here given. On the death of his principal wife, he married Ephrath, and by her had Hur [1-Chronicles 2:19].
Her sons - The sons of Azubah, who is by way of distinction called his wife, when Jerioth probably was only his concubine, and, it may seem, barren: therefore upon Azubah's death he married another wife. And those other sons of this Caleb mentioned, 1-Chronicles 2:42, are his sons by some other wife distinct from all these.
*More commentary available at chapter level.